Bangladesh

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IN SHORT: ••••••••••• Bangladesh was once part of the Indian state of Bengal. East and West Bengal together was called Greater Bengal. In 1947, India became independent and a new country was created from the two parts called Pakistan where Muslims were in the majority.East Pakistan actually was East Bengal which is now Bangladesh. After a brief period of conflict with Pakistan, Bangladesh came into existence on 16th December1971. Geography: ••••••••••• Bangladesh occupies part of the north-eastern corner of the Indian subcontinent. It is surrounded by India apart from a short border with Myanmar and its 580 kilometer coastline. Most of the coastline is not continous but broken up by the channels of delta.There are many rivers which flow through the delta and end up at the Bay of Bengal in the Indian Ocean. These rivers are the Ganges, Brahmaputra, Meghna etc.The Ganges and the Brahmaputra start in the Himalaya Mountains. In Bangladesh the Ganges is known as the Padma and the Brahmaputra becomes the Jamuna. These rivers drain about 2500000 sq kilometres of land.The land of Bangladesh is very flat and low. The highest point are the hills in the north-east and southeast. About 15% of land is covered with forests. More than 75% of Bangladesh is less than 10 meters above sea level. Bangladesh is the largest delta in the world. The area of Bangladesh is 55126Sq Miles. Land : Total area: 147,570 squire kilometres; Land area: 133,910 square kilometers Land boundaries: 4,246 km total; 193 km with Myanmar, 4,053 km with India, Coastline: 580 km. Land distribution: arable land 67% forest and woodland: 16% permanent crops: 2% meadows and pastures: 4% others: 11% Rivers and Lakes: •••••••••••••••••• Bangladesh is a land of rivers that crisscrossed throughout the mostly flat territories of the country. They include hundreds of brooks and a good number of big ones. The Ganges (Ganga) is known as the Padma below the point where it is joined by the Jamuna River, the name given to the lowermost portion of the main channel of the Brahmaputra. The combined stream is then called the Meghna below its confluence with a much smaller tributary of the same name. In the dry season the numerous deltaic distributaries that lace the terrain may be several kilometers wide as they near the Bay of Bengal, whereas at the height of the summer monsoon season they coalesce into an extremely broad expanse of silt-laden water. In much of the delta, therefore, homes must be constructed on earthen platforms or embankments high enough to remain above the level of all but the highest floods. In non-monsoon months the exposed ground is pocked with water-filled borrow pits, or tanks, from which the mud for the embankments was excavated. Throughout the country there are bils, haors and lakes that meet the need of drinking, bathing and irrigating water. Seasons : •••••••••• Traditionally Bangladeshis subdivide the year into six seasons: Grismo (summer), Barsha (rainy), Sharat (autumn), Hemanto (cool), Sheet (winter), and Bashonto (spring). For practical purposes, however, three seasons are distinguishable: summer , rainy, and winter.